A♯ Hirajōshi at a glance
Hirajōshi is one of the most recognisable Japanese pentatonic scales - instantly evokes koto, shamisen and traditional folk music. Built on the root A♯, the scale takes on the specific colour and pitch range of that key - making it especially useful in genres and registers where A♯ is a comfortable tonal centre.
| Notes | A♯ B♯ C♯ E♯ F♯ |
|---|---|
| Formula | 1P · 2M · 3m · 5P · 6m |
| Step pattern | W H 2W H 2W |
A♯ Hirajōshi on the piano
Improvisation drone · A♯
Loop the root note as a pad to practice improvising over this scale.
On the piano A♯ Hirajōshi uses three black keys (A♯, C♯ and F♯) and two white. B♯ and E♯ are the white keys you'd normally call C and F.
A♯ · B♯ · C♯ · E♯ · F♯
Play A♯ Hirajōshi on the online piano
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A♯ Hirajōshi on the guitar
A♯ Hirajōshi - fr 0–12
A♯ Hirajōshi on the staff
Notes of the A♯ Hirajōshi scale
| Degree | Note | Interval | Semitones | Hear |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A♯ | unison1P | 0 | |
| 2 | B♯ | major 2nd2M | 2 | |
| 3 | C♯ | minor 3rd3m | 3 | |
| 4 | E♯ | perfect 5th5P | 7 | |
| 5 | F♯ | minor 6th6m | 8 |
What makes A♯ Hirajōshi different
Hirajōshi is a five-note scale (1, 2, ♭3, 5, ♭6): natural minor with the fourth and seventh left out. Unlike the minor pentatonic it keeps two half steps, between 2 and ♭3 and between 5 and ♭6, which give it its koto-like sound. It also has two gaps of a major third, ♭3 to 5 and ♭6 to the octave, so the scale alternates tight steps with wide leaps. That contrast is what makes it sound Japanese to Western ears rather than simply minor. On A♯, A♯ Hirajōshi is A♯ Natural Minor (A♯ B♯ C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯) without D♯ and G♯.
How to use the A♯ Hirajōshi scale
Because A♯ Hirajōshi has fewer or more than seven notes, it doesn't produce a standard set of seven diatonic triads. Instead, build chords by stacking thirds within the scale or use it as a melodic colour over chords drawn from a related diatonic key.
Hirajōshi is one of the most recognisable Japanese pentatonic scales - instantly evokes koto, shamisen and traditional folk music.
Practice tips
Hirajōshi rewards slow, expressive playing. Try ringing each note out for several seconds before moving on, like a koto player would.
Formula & step pattern
The A♯ Hirajōshi scale follows a five-note scale with intervals 1, 2, ♭3, 5, ♭6 evoking traditional koto music. Step pattern: W - H - 2W - H - 2W. Intervals from the root: 1P · 2M · 3m · 5P · 6m. Memorising the formula lets you transpose the scale to any other root note quickly.
Where you will hear A♯ Hirajōshi
Start with the music described above: listen for A♯ Hirajōshi in it and transcribe a few short phrases by ear. It's the quickest way to learn how the scale sounds.
Questions people ask
What notes are in the A♯ Hirajōshi scale?
The A♯ Hirajōshi scale contains A♯, B♯, C♯, E♯ and F♯.
What is the formula for the A♯ Hirajōshi scale?
A♯ Hirajōshi follows a five-note scale with intervals 1, 2, ♭3, 5, ♭6 evoking traditional koto music.
Is A♯ Hirajōshi a major or minor scale?
A♯ Hirajōshi is a hirajōshi scale. Japanese pentatonic scale with a contemplative, koto-like atmosphere.
What chords belong to the A♯ Hirajōshi scale?
A♯ Hirajōshi doesn't produce a standard seven-chord diatonic set. Use chords from a related diatonic scale instead.
Which genres use A♯ Hirajōshi?
Hirajōshi is one of the most recognisable Japanese pentatonic scales - instantly evokes koto, shamisen and traditional folk music.
How do you play the A♯ Hirajōshi scale on the piano?
On the piano A♯ Hirajōshi uses three black keys (A♯, C♯ and F♯) and two white. B♯ and E♯ are the white keys you'd normally call C and F.
What is the difference between A♯ Hirajōshi and A♯ Natural Minor?
On A♯, A♯ Hirajōshi is A♯ Natural Minor (A♯ B♯ C♯ D♯ E♯ F♯ G♯) without D♯ and G♯.
How do I practise the A♯ Hirajōshi scale?
Hirajōshi rewards slow, expressive playing. Try ringing each note out for several seconds before moving on, like a koto player would.